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Primary prevention:

"Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs. This is done by preventing exposures to hazards that cause disease or injury, altering unhealthy or unsafe behaviours that can lead to disease or injury, and increasing resistance to disease or injury should exposure occur."

To the extent China (or Taiwan, or New Zealand, etc) was able to repeatedly achieve zero cases of community spread subsequent to reimportation of cases, is proof I'd accept that this was a 100% preventable disease. NPI tools of prevention include masking, hand-washing, distancing, and other individual risk mitigations; formal isolation of infected, quarantine of exposed; reduction of crowding, structured and regular testing and surveillance, contact tracing, etc...and ALSO there is vaccination, as the pharmacologic arm of prevention. Prevention isn't just jabs in arms.

But together each country had options and tools to successfully prevent this 100% preventable disease, had they summoned the coordinated will and efforts of the population and the government. A big ask you say? What's the price of a million lives? What's the cost of a 10-20 point IQ drop in a large part of the long covid cohort? What's the cost of the burden of care for a lifetime for this fraction?

But yes, any country that could not agree on purpose or method or objective to prevent death and disease, was surely going to fail, e.g., the US.

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